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Absenteeism and beyond: instructional time loss and consequences
(World Bank, October 20)
Studies have shown that learning outcomes are related to the amount of time students engage in learning tasks. However, visits to schools have revealed that students are often taught for only a fraction of the intended ...
Instructional time loss in developing countries : concepts, measurement, and implications
(World Bank, 2009)
Students in developing countries are often taught for only a fraction of the intended number of school hours. Time is often wasted due to informal school closures, teacher absenteeism, delays, early departures, and poor ...